Understanding the Main Causes of Hair Fall

Hair fall is something almost everyone experiences at some point in life. While it’s normal to lose 50–100 strands a day, excessive hair fall can be frustrating, affect confidence, and point to underlying issues that need attention.

But what actually causes hair to fall out more than usual? Let’s explore the main causes of hair fall so you can better understand your hair and how to protect it.

1. Genetics (Hereditary Hair Loss)

One of the most common causes of hair fall is hereditary hair loss, also known as androgenetic alopecia. It affects both men and women and typically shows up as a receding hairline, thinning crown, or widening part.

• Often starts in the late 20s or 30s

• Progresses gradually over time

• Can be managed but not cured

2. Stress and Mental Health

Both physical and emotional stress can shock the hair follicles into a resting phase (a condition called telogen effluvium), leading to sudden hair shedding.

• Major life changes, trauma, or illness

• Lack of sleep, anxiety, or chronic stress

• Usually temporary but can persist if stress remains untreated

3. Poor Nutrition

Hair is made of protein (keratin), so when your diet lacks essential nutrients, hair health takes a hit.

• Deficiency in protein, iron, zinc, biotin, vitamin D, and omega-3s

• Crash diets or extreme calorie restriction

• Overconsumption of junk food

4. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormones play a key role in hair growth. When they fluctuate, they can trigger hair fall.

• Thyroid disorders (hyper or hypothyroidism)

• PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) in women

• Pregnancy, postpartum, or menopause

• Testosterone sensitivity in men

5. Medical Conditions and Medications

Certain health conditions and medications can interfere with the hair growth cycle.

• Autoimmune diseases like alopecia areata

• Scalp infections such as fungal conditions

• Medications for cancer, arthritis, depression, blood pressure, or birth control

• Chronic illnesses like diabetes or lupus

6. Improper Hair Care Practices

Sometimes, it’s your daily routine that silently damages your hair.

• Excessive heat styling and chemical treatments

• Tight hairstyles that cause traction alopecia

• Over-washing or using harsh shampoos

• Skipping scalp care or using dirty brushes

How to Control Hair Fall?

While the cause may vary, here are some general tips:

• Eat a balanced, nutrient-rich diet

• Manage stress through yoga, exercise, or mindfulness

• Avoid harsh treatments and give your hair regular rest from styling

• Use gentle, nourishing hair products

• Seek professional help if the hair fall is sudden, severe, or persistent